Heat palm oil in a pot over medium heat.
Add chopped onions and sauté until translucent.
Stir in the ground egusi and cook for about 5 minutes.
Add water or broth, stirring to combine.
Incorporate meat or fish if using, and let simmer for 10 minutes.
Mix in the ground pepper and salt to taste.
Add spinach or bitter leaf and cook for another 5 minutes.
Adjust seasoning as needed and remove from heat.
Let the soup sit for a few minutes to thicken.
Serve hot with fufu, rice, or your choice of side.